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Exploring Shakespeare
Hamlet, Macbeth and A Midsummer Night's Dream
For Teachers
Home | Macbeth: Language and themes | Motive

Languages and
themes

Tragedy
Director's cut
Macbeth's choices
Motive
Blood
Cover-up
Kingship
Historical context
Witchcraft and Superstition

Duncan's death should be a surprise

Who's this? ? Richard Cordery plays Duncan.

Context: Three reasons not to kill a king. When Macbeth debates the rights and wrongs of the murder in Act 1 Scene 7 he says:'I am his kinsman and his subject' and 'his host'. Obviously it would seem against the rules of hospitality to kill a relative who has come to dinner! It is, however, a far greater crime if that relative is a king. Macbeth notes he is one of the king's subjects and as such is expected to act out of absolute loyalty, but beyond this is the notion of the Divine Right of Kings. This means that the King is anointed as God's representative on earth. To commit a crime against him therefore is to commit a crime against God. So most of Macbeth's speech is about the 'deep damnation' of such an act.

What do you think? Is Duncan old and useless as a king?

Motive

Why kill the man who's just promoted you?
Duncan's death should be a surprise
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